Twelfth Night By William Shakespeare - 784 Words

Throughout Shakespeare s Twelfth Night, there are various depictions of gender identity, which causes different relations among the characters. Many of the characters fall between traditional and non-traditional in terms of their courtship rituals; this eventually leads to gender confusion. In addition, the appealing language influences the characters and their decisions. In examining each character, we will see the various gender identities in which Shakespeare depicted in Twelfth Night. Beginning with Viola, we knew that she ultimately creates her male persona to search for her twin brother Sebastian; however, as she is looking for him she begins working as a page for Orsino. After some time passed, Viola/Cesario becomes Orsino s trusted right hand whom he assigns to woo Olivia on his behalf. Not only does her disguise enable her to search for her brother undetected but also it allows her to have the power of a man. She can say what she wants, feel what she wants, and do what she wants without having to ask a man permission as most Elizabethan women did. During that time, Elizabethans expected women to be housewives and mothers, that was their only job (Sharnette). Obviously, Viola did not have a traditional courtship with Orsino or Olivia. With Orsino, everything was a secret as he thought she was a man. What is worse is that he thought she was a m an trying to help him with his relationship with Olivia. This situation only led to a relationship between Viola andShow MoreRelatedTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1279 Words   |  5 Pages Within the play ‘Twelfth Night’ it can be argued that the audience may be entertained by the outlook of Malvolio’s gulling. To start with his name means â€Å"ill will† within Italian which already suggests his attitude towards the other characters thus showing his place within the play as an â€Å"unpopular†character. He is a part of a religious order who sought to regulate forms of worship. In modern time the word â€Å"puritan† is often used to mean Against pleasure . Historically, the word was has been usedRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1019 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered elements of a comedy. Shakespeare wrote a comedy called Twelfth Night because that’s the Christmas Celebration when pranks and deceptions were allowed when people were off work. However the last day 6th January was when all the decorations came down, which brought a tinge bit of sadness to the Elizabethans. William Shakespeare employs the dramatic conventions of mistaken identity and disguise to establish humour in an example of Act 2 Scene 2 of Twelfth Night. Viola realises Olivia is inRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare1164 Words   |  5 PagesIn the comedy Twelfth Night written by William Shakespeare many of the characters experience emotional pain. The pain that a character name Olivia experiences is the death of her brother, causing her to mourn. Malvolio who is Olivias steward is involved with emotional pain caused by humiliation, which occurs more than once in this play. Lastly, a great deal of characters battle with the feeling of unrequited love. Even though Shakespeare wrote this as a comedy, there was still a mass amount of emotionalRead MoreTwelfth Night by William Shakespeare2088 Words   |  8 PagesTwelfth Night, or, What You Will by William Shakespeare is a comedy that was written for the Christmas season. Twelfth Night presents many different topics through out the play like: crossdressing, homosexuality, unknown same sex desires, and undertones of talk about genitals. Although some are more noticeable than others, they are all present. I will be focusing mainly on the homosexuality of some of the characters and what the difference between that and just having a ‘male friendship.’ I will alsoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night2005 Words   |  9 Pagesrole that gender plays in Shakespeare’s work. Focus on Twelfth Night or King Lear—or discuss both plays together. Do you see these patterns repeated? Or do you see them being challenged and somehow undermined (implicitly or explicitly) in the plots and language of the play s)?† wants to know if Shakespeare wanted to break the pattern of women being passive objects to men in the literature. In the story Twelfth Night by William Shakespeare all of the roles are played by men. In the fifteenth centuryRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Twelfth Nig ht Essay1515 Words   |  7 Pageselements in plays and films. Slowly with the knowledge gained, we transitioned into examining the adaptations of the world famous playwright, William Shakespeare. For this assignment, we were to choose a modern Shakespeare adaption and compare its successes and failures to its traditional script. With the choices given, I decided to choose the Twelfth Night to its modern adaption directed by Andy Fickman called, â€Å"She’s the Man.† I was pleasantly surprised when I saw it as an option, therefore I feltRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1967 Words   |  8 Pages William Shakespeare’s â€Å"Twelfth Night† or â€Å"What You Will† was written around 1601-1602 with the primary performance being in February 1602. It is known to be a high point of Shakespearian comedy as it is one of Shakespeare’s finest works. Twelfth night was written to commemorate the close of the Christmas season being possi bly one of the first ever holiday specials, kind of like the Middle Ages version of â€Å"Love Actually†. The play centres on the twins Viola and Sebastian, who are separated duringRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay1470 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Shakespeare’s Twelfth Night can easily be interpreted as a romance play. Given that the majority of the characters in the play in some way or another fall in love, but there are many twists that come with these romantic relationships. Some of the characters fall in love with the same character, others fall in love with a character that loves another, who actually loves another causing a chaotic love triangle. Within every romance a character is tragically hurt, turning the romance play intoRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night Essay2147 Words   |  9 Pagesaffection for another person,† love takes on many forms throughout life and literature (Merriam-Webster). Through its passionate drama and witty repartee, Twelfth Night, by William Shakespeare, explores the intricate, and often complicated, realm of interpersonal love. By tracing the intertwining storylines of four unique characters, Shakespeare communicates the futility of self-love, the desperation of hopeless love, and the immeasurable virtue of selfless love. An after-effect of human’s sinfulRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Twelfth Night1762 Words   |  8 PagesShakespeare wrote the romantic comedy play, Twelfth Night, in the year 1601. Despite being over 400 years old, people have been studying and performing the play continuously. Even though some may argue American audience now cannot understand the significance of social hierarchy in the play nor the lines written in Shakespearean English, Twelfth Night remains popular today as shown by New York Times’ publishing of seven reviews on different performances of Twelfth Night. At the same time, Shakespeare

That Devious Spy A Book Review on Roald Dahl’s Time as a...

That Devious Spy: A Book Review on Roald Dahl’s Time as a British Spy In September of 1940, a debonairly young RAF pilot named Roald Dahl crashed in the Western Desert of North Africa. From the crash, Dahl is rewarded with severe injuries to the head, nose and back. In 1942, Dahl, was commanded to take a job working at the British Embassy in Washington where he worked as an assistant air attachà ©. He was a 26 year old and he desperately wanted to be in the middle of the battle, where he could shoot other planes and enemy soldiers from his Gladiator plane. He didn’t want to be shoved into an office where he had to sit at a desk for 11 hours. Soon after his arrival in the United States Capitol, Dahl was â€Å"caught up in the complex web of†¦show more content†¦Dahl was a gifted writer, but to many, Dahl was unkind and he could be incredibly insensitive where women were concerned, to the point of being utterly heartless. In the intelligence field of work, bei ng heartless is a useful characteristic, which Dahl was a master at. He worked together with the British Security Coordination, which was run by Stephenson and his staff of colorful co-conspirators -- including Noà «l Coward, Ian Fleming, David Ogilvy, and Ivar Bryce -- [who] were all rank amateurs, recruited for their clever minds and connections rather than any real experience in the trade of spying. Many knew them as the Baker Street Irregulars. It is important to stress that in the book, the opposite position was not the Axis powers during the second world war (Nazi Germany, Italy and Japan). It is the United States. Even though the British and the Americans were allied powers, both countries went through rough patches. Before the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the general public of America was highly against entering the mostly European War. Even after the event, the isolationist attitude was still lofty. When she was writing the book, Conant is forced to focus on the British Security Coordination bustles after 1942, but it is arguable that the organization’s most valuable work was put together before the United States entered the war in the start of 1942. The British Security Coordination was helpful

Our hearts fell to the ground Analysis Essay Example For Students

Our hearts fell to the ground Analysis Essay Colic Galloway has done a masterful job of selecting and presenting an array of speeches, letters, documents, and drawings that tell compelling stories about the Plain Indians in the asss. His introduction alone has just the right level of information and links basic themes and events to the documents presented in the text In short, a model Of how an introduction should be done. Colic Scallywags intentions were to focus on the humanistic study Of the Plain Indians view. 5 on how the West was lost. It provides us with the actual respective Of Indian people Who lived through those times Of manifestation and assimilation. From the Lewis and Clark expedition to the building of railroads, he attempts to explain the traumatic changes of the Native Americans during the nineteenth century. He opens our eyes from what earlier historians whose work seems now outdated, preferring to rescue elements of their work. The narratives are divided into fourteen chapters, which supply historical document and secondary essays placing these documents within their historical context. Each chapter unfolds 1 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND to show the tragedy the Plains Indian had to endure from the white settlers and their greed tort land and prosperity. From the slaughter of whole tribes, the out break of the unseen killer, and the forced assimilation through the reservation systems were only a few explanations for why the Indians numbers dwindled in the asses. It was not until the middle of the twentieth century that the reality of their suffering showed up in history books. Any writings prior only portrayed the Native American as vases and rebellious people, almost to a romance climax. Unlike the books in the past, Galloway used tribal customs as a means to manifest the actual torment the Plains Indians encountered. The Native Americans were regarded as people Without history, when in fact the Indians recorded their history by songs, dances, stories, legends, and visual records on buffalo robes known as winter counts. Galloway reveals to the reader the Ways the Native American used the winter counts as a mnemonic device passed from one generation to another marked with pictographs that recorded theory events in tribal life that took place each year. It was these customs that enabled 2 OUR HEARTS FELL TO THE GROUND elders to chronologically pass on their heritage to ensure the survival of their tribe, Galloway disclosed through speeches of the Native American that they were generally peaceful and trendy people who wanted peace and not war with the white man. Most speeches contained disagreement but acceptance of the white man ways, from the breaking of treaties to the inconceivable slaughter of their buffalo. The American Native hoping to maintain their hold on what little land ND culture remained to them tried to accept the ways of their new neighbors. After reading this book have a new perspective about the Native American. Unlike before, when heard the word Indian thought Of them as savages of the Wild West for the most part. Now think of them as intelligent, prideful, and humane people Who just wanted to be left alone to live the life they were accustomed to. Bottom line, if it was not for the white settlers forcing their way of life onto the Native Americans, they would not Of reacted as they did. The settlers left them no choice!

Tkam Chapter free essay sample

Find a sentence which illustrates the following idea/attitude:pride in conformity and distrust of those who are different The Radleys kept to themselves and kept their shutters and doors closed on Sundays. 1. Chapter one introduces readers to the town of Maycomb, its appearance, its inhabitants, and the particular attitudes of many of its people. Find a sentence which illustrates the following idea/attitude:awareness of difference in social classes The Cunninghams from Old Sarum were the nearest thing to a gang in Maycomb. â€Å"the wrong crowd† 1. Chapter one introduces readers to the town of Maycomb, its appearance, its inhabitants, and the particular attitudes of many of its people. Find a sentence which illustrates the following idea/attitude:narrow span of interest and almost no interest in the world outside Maycomb superstition and gossip surrounding the Radleys 1. Approximately when does the story begin? Show evidence to support your answer. Two references help establish the time as the early 1930s: the movie Dracula and the reference to FDR’s address â€Å". We will write a custom essay sample on Tkam Chapter or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page . . nothing to fear but fear itself. † 1. What do we know for certain about Boo Radley? Boo had been kept a virtual prisoner in his home since misdemeanors in his teens. 1. Why is Boo fascinating to the children? Boo is fascinating to the children because he lives in a run-down, spooky house and is the subject of many superstitions. Because they have never seen him, the children are fascinated with pretending about Boo. Chapter Two 2. Scout makes three mistakes during her first day at school. What are her mistakes, and why do they make Miss Caroline so angry? On the first day of school, Scout reads, writes, and attempts to explain to Miss Caroline the kind of poor people the Cunninghams are. Miss Caroline feels inadequate. 3. Why are the professional people in Maycomb poor at this time? Professional people are poor because the farmers were poor; Maycomb is farm country. 4. What is the WPA, and why won’t Mr. Cunningham work for it? WPA was the Works Progress Administration, a government-sponsored agency which created jobs constructing public buildings. It was part of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal. Mr. Cunningham apparently disagreed politically. Chapter Three 5. Calpurnia lectures Scout on manners when Scout criticizes Walter’s manners and Atticus supports her. What does this tell you about how both Calpurnia and Atticus feel about others? Cal believes anyone who is a guest in one’s house should be treated with courtesy. Atticus supports Cal. 6. Burris Ewell, Walter Cunningham, and Chuck Little are all from extremely poor families. However, there are great differences both in appearance and in attitudes, particularly between the Cunninghams and the Ewells. What are those differences and why do you suppose they exist? The instinctive courtesy of Chuck Little and the steely pride of Walter Cunningham contrast with the filthy, foul-mouthed Burris Ewell. This may be a result of different attitudes and examples set for them by their parents. 7. Atticus tells Scout, â€Å"You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view. . . until you climb in his skin and walk around in it. † What are some of the things that Scout begins to realize at this point? Scout has learned to try to look at things from another person’s point of view. 8. Why does Atticus say that the law is rigid for â€Å"common folk,† but it is bent in certain ways for the Ewells? Atticus explains that the Ewells will never change; therefore, the law permits them to stay out of school and allows their father to hunt out of season so the children can have food. 9. What is the â€Å"compromise† which Atticus suggests? Atticus suggests a compromise of Scout’s attending school in return for being able to go on reading every night as they always have. Chapter 4 1. She says about her teacher, she also says about the different types of students and how the higher grades get out 30 min after them 2. They are coming from Boo Radley as gifts from him to the children. He watches them all the time from inside his house. 3. Scout is scared of the laughing she heard from the Radley house when she rolled in the tire, and Atticus was already suspicious that the children were acting out Boos legend, or the Boo Radley game. Chapter 5 1. A kind, cheerful, and witty neighbor and trusted friend of Scouts, who also upholds a strong moral code and helps the children gain perspective on the events surrounding the trial. She also loves gardening. Miss. Maudie adds a gentleness to the mother figure that Calpurnia, although she cares geatly for Scout, cant always give. She helps Scout as Jem grows up and distances himself from her. Miss. Maudie reassures Scout when things get nasty and he neighbours criticize Atticus. Miss. Maudie not only nurtures Scout but shows her what is really important in life. I like her react when her house burns down. As she watches the flames devour her house, she simply states that she always wanted a smaller one with a bigger garden. 2. No she is not putting down all baptist because she is a baptist herself, she was just putting down the foot washing Baptists. 3. What she is saying is that religion makes people do worse things than whiskey. At least, she is saying it is possible for that to happen. 4. Atticus wants equality for all and believes the court can be the equalizer. He believes that Radley deserves a right to privacy,just like everyone else. Chapter 6 5. because it is Dills last day in maycomb and he wants to see what the radley place looks like. 6. Jem says to Scout Scout Im tellin you for the last time, shut your trap or go home I declare to the lord youre gettin more like a girl every day! Then Scout states she no option but to join them (Jem and Dill) 7. This tells us that Jem is fearful of him fathers authority and has a lot of respect for his father and wants to continue to have a good relationship with him. Chapter 7 1. Jems pants(Jemery Atticus Finch) had been left stuck under the fence of Boos yard. When jem returnded later that night to get his pants they had been untangles from the fence, sewn (very poorly), and folded and hung on the fence as if they were waiting for him. 2. It represented Boos friendly connection with the Finch children. Everyone thought Boowas a fearsome, crazy phantom and awful rumours were spread around about him. In actual fact, Boo was a nice person, except he didnt have any contact with the outside world. He left gifts in the knothole for Jem and Scout to find, because he wanted to express his friendship. 3. Jem cries when Nathan Radley cemented the hole because he realises that Boo was trying to befriend them and Nathan Radley cut off that connection by depriving Boo of friendship, so to speak. he does not what Boo to contact the children. Chapter 8 1. They are trying to make fun of him. The reason is that he had insulted them by calling them sinners and saying the snow was all their fault. . He wants to protect Boo Radley from all the town gossip. he also wants to protect boo from getting punished by his brother 3. When her house is destroyed, Miss Maudie does not mourn over her loss. The things she lost were just possessions which could be replaced. She was glad no one was hurt. Chapter 9 a Atticus says that the word N****** is common. 1. b. Atticus knew he could never live with himself if he did not defend Tom Robinson. Though he was black, Tom Robinson was obviously innocent. Atticuss conscience would not let him send an innocent man to jail, black or not. . he disapproved of Scouts language and behavior. 2. Is Atticuss sister and Jem and Scouts Aunt. b. He is Aunt Alexandras grandson and Scout and Jems second cousin c. Jem and Scouts Uncle and Atticuss brother. d. Aunt Alexandras husband and Scout and Jems Uncle. Chapter 10 1. Scout thinks Atticus is no good, at least not as good as what they think he is anymore. One reason is because Atticus didnt teach them for to use the air rifles and leave that task to Uncle Jack. Another reason is because he is older than most of their friends fathers , at nearly 50. They see him as feeble. 2. She simply is saying because mockingbirds dont do anything but keep to themselves we shouldnt bother them ( the Radleys and Tom Robinson) 3. she explains it by saying how when god gives you a gift it is not to be taken advantage of and your father knew that their is a time and place for everything and when it was time he gave up hunting and shooting. he is a civilized man at heart 4. Jem wants Scout to pay attention and do well in school and not to brag that their father didnt attend school. Chapter 11 1. ecause mrs dubose is addicted to her pain medicine and she is dying so she doesnt want to die addicted to something so every day when jem is reading she waits a little longer to take it until she is finally off of the medicine and she dies a month later Because she was sick and really was ugly, also it adds more of an effect when she dies. 2. Because she was sick and really was ugly, also it adds more of an effect when she dies. From the early description of Mrs. Dubose, we understand that she is a very selfish, and she dont like black people. It gives you a dislike for her instantly. However, later, we learn she wants to die free of her addiction, and we learn that she is brave and strong. The author does this (as in several other instances in the novel) to remind us people are good and bad and that people should not be judged on the surface. 3Atticus tells Scout that nlover is just one of those terms that do not mean anything and that ignorant, trashy people use it when they think somebodys favoring Negroes over and above themselves when they want a common, ugly term to label somebody. Atticus goes on to say that he is indeed nlover, because he does his best to love everybody. Atticus says that Mrs. Dubose has the most courage of any person he has ever known. He holds this opinion because she had the courage to fight and overcome her addiction to morphine. Atticus Finch really had no choice in defending Tom Robinson. He knew that he couldnt hold his head up around town, that if he had turned down the case, he wouldnt be able to tell his own children what to do and have them listen to He was appointed to the case but he wants to try and defend him because he thinks everyone should have the same chance

bio shizz Essay

bio shizz Essay bio shizz Essay Tempera and PH Effects on Enzyme’s Catalyze Reactions Introduction Enzymes are proteins and polymers of amino acids. Amino acids are organic compounds that contain two groups of atoms identified as â€Å"amino group and carboxylic acid group† (Encyclopedia of Science, 5 Oct. 2013). Enzymes are billions of years old and are the end result of various chemical reactions. Richard Wolfenden, a biochemistry professor at the University of Ohio, explains that unique enzymes are needed to perform a particular function, such as chemical reactions and evolution processes. For example, DNA and RNA strands require the participation of enzymes to make them complete, and without these, the process would take millions of years. Wolfenden discovered that they contribute to a substance evolution that would take place in milliseconds versus two billion years in their absence. Chemical reactions performed by enzymes vary in weight. The scale starts at 10,000 Daltons, which is a unit of mass in the atomic units system, and it reaches 1,000,000. He highlights in h is research that for synthetic chemical reactions, the starting scale is reflected to be very substantial; therefore, enzymes are very unique. Enzymes that carry out â€Å"nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy† activities are singled out because they make it possible to see and study their movements that otherwise would be concealed (ScienceDaily, 6 Oct. 2013). Biologists have succeeded in reproducing chemical reactions in the lab to slow them down, and that helps them manufacture inhibitor drugs for different diseases such as high blood pressure. In our body, enzymes come together in greater numbers on the cells where they catalyze a reaction; therefore, examining a blood serum sample helps identify a disease because â€Å"damaged enzymes leak into the circulation from damaged cells and tissues† (Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Oct. 2013). Energy must be present for chemical reactions to be manifested, and the amount of time varies if enzymes are involved in the process. In addition, they catalyze or speed up reactions. Although energy is needed to start the reaction, it would take less time and less energy to complete it if catalysts are present. Some forms of energy are heat and electricity, but our body uses cellular respiration to collect chemical energy from the food we eat and change it to ATP energy that all cells need to work. We cannot live without enzymes because they are responsible for â€Å"thousands of chemical reactions† needed to perform various tasks in our body (Encyclopedia of Science, 5 Oct. 2013). Every life form that makes oxygen also makes Hydrogen Peroxide, which is a â€Å"bi-product of some chemical reactions† (Enzymes, 5 Oct. 2013). The human body produces catalase enzymes that get rid of this bi-product by transforming it into water and oxygen that cells use, otherwise cells wo uld be harmed. Primarily, proteins are created of amino acids, which respond to each other and come together, forming a strand that has a â€Å"tridimensional shape† (Encyclopedia of Science, 5 Oct. 2013). This shape makes it possible for proteins to join other molecules matching their own shape. Substrates are molecules that attach to enzymes and can be broken down by these during chemical reactions. Catalyst reactions do not destroy the enzymes; for this reason, they do this process over and over again. Usually, a reaction is blocked by a â€Å"small regulatory molecule† that join an enzyme in sites other than the active site, changing the enzyme’s shape and it no longer fits into its substrate (Encyclopedia Britannica, 5 Oct. 2013). This concept is recognized as induce-fit theory that states that the â€Å"binding of substrates† either start or impede a reaction. The intent of these trials was to find out the degree of catalyze reaction as enzymes are exposed to different solutions as well as temperature effects. It is important to know how enzymes work and to know how they are affected by their surroundings because

AND A HAPPY ________TO YOU!

AND A HAPPY ________TO YOU! As an ex-full-time greeting card writer for the once third largest greeting card company in America Norcross (Hallmark being #1 and American Greeting #2), I thought I’d pass on some info on this market from my years in the â€Å"humor† department. It was fun being paid to sit and fold white paper from 9-5 everyday and come up with clever (and nice) ways to wish people happiness and well-being. Even though Norcross is now defunct, the rules for writing greeting cards haven’t altered much through the years. Yes, more risquà © humor has entered the market, as well as controversial subjects (such as divorce cards) but the basics haven’t changed. The most important basic is to keep it conversational: write as if talking to a friend. Never invert words or force a rhyme. Some companies still buy rhymes, but greeting card verse is NOT poetry since it is always conversational in style. Rhyming can work when it’s used with familiar figures of speech that are popular in everyday language. However, the main ingredient in a card is a wish, a greeting, a compliment or an expression of appreciation. Always keep the message informal. i.e. don’t say: Just like flowers, our friendship blooms†¦ rather say: It means a lot to have you as a friend†¦ The more natural the verse, the more marketable the card, so if you wouldn’t speak it out loud, don’t write it. Keep it sounding genuine. A good idea before attempting greeting cards is to read and study the market (just like in any other market). Once you become familiar with what’s published (without borrowing anything you see), jot down some of today’s popular expressions. You can pick these up from TV, conversations, or hit songs. Then, think about what you would want to say to a friend or loved one on his birthday, anniversary or when they’re ill. The ability to put yourself in the other person’s shoes is a successful tactic in writing a greeting card wish. Of course, you’ll find it easier to be funny and nasty than funny and nice! But most companies are looking for a pleasant wish to pass along. In submitting ideas, try to limit the number to no more than 10 at one time. Nowadays, depending on the company, you either submit one idea per page with SASE or type your ideas in the body of an email (no attachments allowed). Set up the card like this popular onc I once wrote for Norcross: The very best thing about the Old Days is†¦Inside: They were the YOUNG Days!Happy Birthday! Or this rhyming verse for â€Å"Our Anniversary†I always knew that we would shareA happiness beyond compareThrough ups and downs, through thick and thinInside: I’m with you Ba Though both these verses have been around awhile, they are still viable for today’s market because the sentiment is sincere and the language colloquial. Also, while greeting cards are sent mostly to celebrate an important sentimental or emotional occasion, don’t get too sappy or you could embarrass the one receiving it. And lastly, do limit the personal pronouns (me, I, we) because their usage could limit sales (of course, that does not include Special Title cards for Wife, Husband, Sister/Brother or Sweetheart). In closing may I say: May your verse be sweet and funny And bring you lots of extra money! Seven Current Greeting Card Markets Avanti Press Blue Mountain Pays well, sometimes asks to test market first Designer Greeting Moonlighting Cards Pays $25. Looking for â€Å"love† cards Oatmeal Studios – Looking for humor CaddylackGraffix– funny and sarcastic cards

Assigment 2 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assigment 2 - Assignment Example Most of the information on the internet was in the form of advertisement luring people to some clinic or mother-baby care program. She wanted to join one but she did not have the money for that. Her primary source of information was the doctor she was visiting, magazines and the internet. She said that the first time she realized that she might be pregnant was when she felt like throwing up. She ignored it first thinking that pregnancy does not effect that early but the nausea was frequent. She went to the doctor to confirm it. After a few days she also had morning sickness and experienced wild mood swings. The weight gain followed soon. She was not bothered by it much she was expecting such symptoms. On the contrary she was relieved that there was no psychosis or any serious allergies. She also faced the opposite of departing from her relationship with her spouse; her husband turned out to be very caring. They had a few arguments every now and then but that was part of their normal life. They had arguments before the pregnancy so the new ones did not make any difference. They decided to get the baby delivered at the nearest hospital. The couple even agreed to get an appointment from the doctor that was taking care of the mother during pregnancy. Overall, the reality was much easier than the shocking expectations that the media usually portrays. She did talk about the pain during child birth (at the hospital, a normal delivery case) but she soon forgot about it when she rocked her first baby to sleep for the first time. The second mother vividly remembered what she was told about pregnancy. Most of the information came from friends and her mother. Her own mother was helping her all the way as she knew what to exactly expect. She was told that there can be complications but she needs to take care of herself. Her mom was strict about her diet and told her that if she eats right she will give birth to a healthy baby. She

Letter of proficiency in English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Letter of proficiency in English - Essay Example Now, I recollected my childhood experiences not accidentally but because as I was studying English it turned out that few of my favorite 'foreign' words which I had conjured up by myself as a child turned out to be exactly like the real words in the real English language, which made me even more confident, notwithstanding the clearly accidental nature of this coincidence, that I was capable of intuitive understanding of languages. I believe this positive self-confidence, along with numerous other confirmations of the rightfulness of my decision to learn English like for instance the dominance of English content in Internet, only added to my enthusiasm and energy during my learning of this language. Regarding concrete ways of my study of English, perhaps the most important one for me was that I have been taught in English already starting from my primary education and up to my postgraduate education. In this way, I was able to simultaneously become acquainted with the grammatical rules of English, and to have practice in spoken language, which, as I now understand, requires somewhat separate skills.

The opening of Pride and Prejudice Essay Example for Free

The opening of Pride and Prejudice Essay How does Jane Austen in the opening of Pride and Prejudice decide the subject and the tone of the novel? How does this prepare the reader for rest of the book? Pride and prejudice is Jane Austen most popular Novel. In this novel Jane Austen has portrayed the book on a real life story and tells us about the initial misunderstanding between Elizabeth and Darcy. Darcy is a handsome, rich man, and full of attitude, this is what Elizabeths point of view is Elizabeth thinks like this of him because he was being very mean and arrogant on their first meeting this can be a misunderstanding, its possible that Mr Darcy will take some time to get along with her or he is acting like this maybe because he is finding the atmosphere very annoying. Mrs Bennet can be the cause of that, because they way she acts show how desperate she is about getting her daughters married and Mr Darcy finds it very annoying. Mr Bringleys sisters husband offers Mr Darcy to dance with many ladies but he refuses to because he doesnt find anyone much attractive, he also refuses to dance with Elizabeth and when says that she, in particular, is not pretty enough for him to ask her to dance. Mrs Bennets daughter Elizabeth heard that, but being a very simple and down to Earth kind of a person she ignored it. The Novel starts with showing how curious and crazy Mrs Bennet is about getting all her daughters married to rich men, which is not good for her daughters future. This way they might find men who are rich but they wont be able to stay happy with them later on in life. On the other hand Mr Bennet being the father of all these girls shows no interest in what Mrs Bennet is up to. He is a very sensible man and is going to let his daughters decide who they want to marry. In the beginning of the novel when Mrs Bennet finds out that Mr Bringley is moving to their neighbourhood she tells Mr Bennet to go meet him so he could get close to the family, (because she wants Mr bringley to see one of her daughters and marry them) but Mr Bennet doesnt want to and shows no interest in this. As the novel moves on we will see that Mrs Bennets pressure is going to cause her daughters to marry guys they wont be happy with, later on in life. They might marry these guys because of their mother wants them to, and because of that they wont stay happy with them. Elizabeth Bennet is a very simple girl and would want to marry someone who is very simple and has no attitude unlike Mr Darcy. She would want a loving and caring husband, but as I see it she might end up marring Mr Darcy because of her mothers pressure on her, or it can be possible that she would herself want to marry Mr Darcy because they both might fall in love and build up good relationship.

British Telecom Essay -- GCSE Business Management Studies Essays

British Telecom My aim in this investigation is to discuss whether or not British Telecom has successfully grown and developed since its Privatisation to compete on a world scale. In addition to this has it any long-term strategies for future growth and development of products. According to the 1996 Budget Red Book, more than 50 major businesses have been privatised since 1979 and the state owned sector of industry has been reduced be two-thirds. British Telecom was privatised in 1984, with no major restructuring. This meant that a public monopoly was transferred directly into private hands, this natural monopoly benefited from having economies of scale. Of course this move had it's advantages but there were also disadvantages. These were mainly among the staff who now had much less of an 'easy time' in work. Not only this but as a result of privatisation the company obviously became cost effective and jobs were lost in order to reduce costs. 'Privatisation is seen as a way of reasserting consumer sovereignty, raising standards of provision, of increasing efficiency and of reducing costs.' There are many reasons to why the Government chose a course of denationalisation. State monopolies create inefficiency, are poor in innovation and restrict consumer choice; instead of the consumer being sovereign, power has been transferred to the state and its bureaucracies. Before privatisation all nationalised companies had to have their expenditure passed by the Treasury, because of this they found it difficult to raise money. During these years almost 250,000 people who wanted a new phone line couldn't get them and BT didn't know what to charge the people who did have them. Privatisation gave companies t... ...nge' from Mercury and have seen their share price rise from an initial 130p back in 1984 to an incredible 1351p now. BT, while being a natural monopoly in Britain realise that their position is being challenged. Although their share of the land-line market has still nearly been all encompassing they have seen that the market as a whole decrease as almost half of the UK population have gone out and bought mobile phones. In answer to this threat BT have taken up a strong position in the mobile phone market themselves, competing alongside the big guns such as Orange and Vodafone. Through several acquisitions they have established themselves as a leading company with 7 million UK customers and very sound plans for the future, which they see as being a unification of the latest mobile phone technology along with the immense power the Internet has to offer.

Image of Filipino Women Essay

Like in Estrella Alfon’s Magnificence; she illustrated that Filipino women are tough when it is for her children; while Lumnay was very weak and couldn’t accept her husband’s marriage to another woman. . Filipino women could stand and hold firm on her virtues and ideals. No matter what the consequences are, they stand for what is right. Sometimes they are mocked and insulted because of their ideals. But these women, like Miss Noel stood determined to continue what she has started and what she was fighting for. Esperanza is also a woman of virtue. She despises sleeping with a man to whom you’re not married. Some Filipino women are very innocent when it comes to hardships, emotions or other things surrounding them. Majority of these women were born or they belonged to middle class family. They haven’t experienced difficulties while growing up. While some women are oblivious to difficulties and hardships, some are introduced to it a very young age. They sacrificed their happiness for the sake of their family and loved ones. They think of everything as they’re responsibility and it affects their way of thinking, their social life and even their marital life. Filipino women are generous and very caring. They support their family through thick and thin. They will never let their family down especially when it comes to children. They are also very sweet and understanding, Filipinas are also very jealous, they are very possessive not only on the material things but also with their loved ones, especially the mothers. There are also this conservative God-fearing Filipinas. They have principles and won’t go against it. There are many more character traits a Filipina could have, but whatever the point is, Filipinas are raised differently and you could see it by the way they talk or move. Filipino women may look independent and wise but still, they need to feel deserve to be respected and cared for. They need to be loved and feel loved.

Compare Plath and Larkin Essay

Compare and contrast the ways in which death is portrayed in Philip Larkin’s poem ‘Days’ and ‘Ambulances’ and Sylvia plath’s ‘Lady Lazarus’ and ‘Death and Co’ The poems i am going to analyse are: †¢Lady Lazarus †¢Death and Co †¢Ambulances †¢Days It is understatement to say that both Sylvia Plath and Philip Larkin have immense depth and subsidiary meanings to their poems, both writers expertly structure their poems and used varied techniques to convey their themes of death and instil their messages to their readers. Plath goes about it an autobiographical manner and parades death as a theatrical show leaving the audience in shock and awe however Larkin presents death in a rather trivial manner in comparison to Plath. He juxtaposes the everyday street scene with horrific. He uses the ambulance as a momentary that death is every present and our lives ultimately lead to the journey of death. The oxymoron Lady Lazarus is significant to the poem. Lazarus, originally a man who is raised from the dead by Jesus is feminised and turned into Lady Lazarus. Plath summarises what she feels; â€Å"the terrible gift of being reborn†. The alliterative form of address â€Å"Lady Lazarus† liberates herself from the irrevocable influence of the male figure portrays her idea of feminine superiority over men and how women should excel over men in whatever they do however Larkin’s title â€Å"Ambulances† is a noun that is commonly associated with the negative imagery relating to accidents,hospitals ,blood, injuries and most importantly death. Both writers use lexical techniques to convey their outlook and opinion on the theme of death; some of which consists of rhyme, rhetorical devices and their choice of vocab. Rhyme is used in the first stanza as Plath declares â€Å"I have done it again/One year in every ten† she emphasises to the equal repartition of her near-death experiences and holds connotations of her suicide attempts, â€Å"one year in every ten† and one being premeditated at this stage. Plath speaks in hyperboles to emphasize her suicidal intention and her need to control her death and become a â€Å"walking miracle†. The pre modifier â€Å"walking† illustrates the fact that despite her many near death experiences she is still alive and ready as ever to attempt another suicide experience. The uoyant noun â€Å"miracle† that Plath describes herself as, demonstrates to the reader just how romantically Plath thinks of death to be and how her ending her own life is a seemingly phenomenal way of dying. In comparison to this, Larkin contrasts his lexical techniques in oppose to Plath, he begins with the first stanza being a dramatic, alliterative opener. The vehicles are â€Å"Closed like confessionals† and are â€Å"giving back none of the glances they absorb†; like a corpse. The alliterative statement â€Å"closed like confessionals â€Å"illustrates the Roman Catholic idea of confessing sins to a priest in a â€Å"closed† box. This also outlines the poems religious nature and demonstrates to us the religious idea of death which connotes it of being like a â€Å"closed† off box – a coffin. This also depicts the closed off nature of death and how once a person dies everything, they are sealed off from the world, an end to everything. Larkin uses enjambment to emphasize the disconnection between people and death throughout the poem. In the first two lines, the lack of punctuation ironically causes the reader to stop at the end of each line. This symbolises the separation between the ambulance, and the city it is travelling through, as well as the â€Å"glances† the ambulance takes in. In the fourth stanza, Larkin uses enjambment in five out of the six lines, demonstrating the isolation of death throughout society. Specifically in the last three lines and into the last stanza, Larkin reveals that what unites one another across the years, at last falls apart there (in the ambulance and at the hospital), while connecting all four of those lines. Vocabulary is also an element used by Plath to depict death; her language register is bold and informal. The vocabulary and rhythms make out the conversational speeches within the poem and make them out to be colloquial and everyday spoken, the frequently end-stopped lines, the repetitions which have the effect of mockingly counteracting the violence of the meaning, all establish the deliberately dismissive note of death which Plath strives to achieve.. At times the tone is hysterically strident and demanding: â€Å"unwrap me hand and foot— The big strip tease. Gentlemen, ladies These are my hands My knees. Iambic pentameter is also used in Lady Lazarus because it mimics the rhythm of conversational speech and makes it closer to spontaneous speech. This also highlights Lady Lazarus aural quality as it is meant to be read aloud which emphasizes it rhetorical intensity and perhaps the power that Lady Lazarus has gained throughout the poem â€Å" I am your opus I am your valuable The pure gold baby† The spontaneous structure of the poem emphasises the emotional and physcological disintegration of Lady Lazarus and how she speaks spontaneously out of pain that she is feeling form her suicidal attempts On the contrary, Larkin also used five groups of six lines of poetry (sestet) of iambic trimeter and roughly–there are some irregularities, a, with the first and last lines of each sestet rhyming, and the middle rhyming â€Å"a–b-a-b† like a ballad. The second stanza, only the first and last lines have been ended with punctuation leaving everything in the middle flowing. The â€Å"women in the shops† are detached from the â€Å"Wild white face† inside the ambulance. The third stanza all ends with punctuation, excluding the first line. This one exception is very isolated within the stanza as it is the only line left to flow. The flow emphasizes that the â€Å"solving emptiness† is not an obvious encounter which we face every day. The â€Å"solving emptiness†, a description of death, â€Å"lies just under all we do,† not exposed. Moreover, Plath employs and uses unique language features to express her emotion; â€Å"soon, soon the flesh/the grave cave†¦ † repetition is used to emphasise her point across to the audience, she also repeats â€Å"soon† twice to comfort the audience as well as herself; this also correlates to Plath’s idea of death and how it is a welcoming experience not to be terrified by, something that makes her feel â€Å"at home†. To the readers and audience itself it is something disorientating and a lonely discomforting concept, but to Plath and her persona Lazarus, it is something they embrace with open arms and are anticipating it â€Å"soon†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ However, Larkin goes about his language features differently; so much so that Larkin hardly uses devices such as repetition, exclamation , but rather settles for an indirect approach to his language, the only apparent use of language feature is the distinctive italic fronted text â€Å"poor soul† ,this highlights and emphasises the point Larkin wishes to make and also is his idea od the reaction given to the audience and the reader. This again relates to Larkin’s idea of death and his opinion being in total contrast to Plath. For Larkin, death is a dreadful thing, a cold, merciless, selfish thing and when death strikes it only can be described for the prey of death as â€Å"poor† which Larkin does, to have pity on those death has taken. †Soul† has In Lady Lazarus the audience are the spectators watching the performer show off her daring acts in order to prepare her to die. She in other words entertains the audience by producing her own death in a rather erotic manner. The audience is shown the grim reality of death through the pre-modifier ‘peanut-crunching’. This illustrates to the reader just how engrossed the audience is in watching Lady Lazarus attempt her suicide and are absorbed in the strangeness of her death and robotically carry on ‘crunching’ on their peanuts oblivious to just how dismal the death of Lady Lazarus is . Showmanship is portrayed through the use of first person â€Å"I† throughout the whole poem and the audience seems to develop a â€Å"charge† from the gothic striptease Lady Lazarus puts on for them or perhaps a charge the audience have to pay for watching. Using the metaphor â€Å"charge† gives connotations of the audience wanting a show, watching â€Å"Lady Lazarus† unwrap herself ,restored to life â€Å"The big strip tease† indicating sexual connotations of the audience being largely male and receiving some sort of sexual fulfilment from this. Plath also portrays her rather freakish desire for death by questioning the audience directly â€Å"O my enemy/ do I terrify? † The vocative â€Å"O† along with the possessive pronoun â€Å"my† directly challenges the audience as if the audience are somewhat responsible for the suicidal state that Plath is now in, intimidating them as she challenges them. The â€Å"O my† could also be taken as a form of loving address to her lover. If put next to ‘enemy’ it reflects her feelings about death as if it I something to long and lust for however death is all something that is utterly terrifying at the same time as it is a mystery to all of us. It also adds a sense of awkwardness throughout the poem as the reader begins to wonder about death and what appears in the afterlife. The audience also feels partly responsible for Plath’s terrible state and are also blamed for causing her death in such a manner. The rhetorical question â€Å"do I terrify† not only involves the audience directly, but also threatens the audience rather mockingly as if the answer to the question should be nothing but a yes. The verb â€Å"terrify† portrays Plath’s dual state, just like the Nazis she will not hesitate to inflict pain upon herself in order for her to die yet just like the Jewish race she fades beneath a strong force as she begins to doubt whether she is capable of ending her life. This again increasingly adds to awkward uncomfortable nature as audience beings to wonder what kind of miserable state she will be left in when she dies. However the audience in â€Å"Ambulances† are the people (mainly middle class) that are around where the death has taken place. They are the â€Å"children strewn on steps† and â€Å"women coming from the shops†. Here the normality of life trivialises the horror of death as ordinary people carry on living their life. They are watching horrifically as the body comes in. The audience here is rather sympathetic and empathise with the person that has just died. â€Å"Poor soul/they whisper at their own distress†. Using the verb â€Å" â€Å"whisper† Larkin wishes to portray how the audience not only whispers out of remorse, pity and respect for the person that has just died but also whisper because they feel a sense of relief and thankfulness that the person that has just expired was not themselves or their loved one. Here Larkin shows us the selfish nature of man and how man despite everything shall always care about them; in essence leaving everybody walking on their own. Through this Larkin shows us how death is, death shall leave every person unaccompanied and everyone shall be no one. Death is selfish and when the appointed time, death shall not wait and indeed â€Å"All streets in time are visited†. The visitor being death personified through the use of a vehicle, the Ambulance. The ambulance here is death. And Larkin portrays the randomness of death and how unexpected it can be by the use of the preposition â€Å"in† and the noun â€Å"time†. Here Larkin reminds the reader than death is inevitable and is always there, a god like figure. Larkin also presents the idea that the audience, the â€Å"onlookers† forgot about death yet are reminded when a death appears around their life and the â€Å"fastened doors recede†. The audience are perhaps morbidly fascinated by death as it appears strange to them but then the audience then begins to realise the â€Å"emptiness/That lies under all we do† and for a moment the audience understands that life has only one certainty; death. The title of the poem Death & Co title is an etymological, lexical technique in itself and is employed by the writer to change the perception of the reader, for the reader to be open minded and to grasp the writers idea. The â€Å"co† referred to in the title refers to a business which begins to establish the ironic and mocking mood of the poem,. Death is often viewed with incongruity, something that coldly takes away life yet offers comfort to those who are in pain or believe in an afterlife. This again links to the idea of death being a business because the persona asserts that â€Å"there are two† referring to the two individuals that make up the entity called â€Å"Death and co†. To the persona it is â€Å"perfectly natural† that there are two people because a business must be compromised of at least two people. In Death & Co the persona asserts that, â€Å"there are two,† personifying death the two individuals who make up the entity called Death & Co. She comments that it is natural that there would be two, as most companies are made up of at least two people. The individual â€Å"exhibits // birthmarks,† and the speaker proclaims that they are â€Å"his trademark. † This claim subsumes the title of the poem, metaphorically revealing the business which is â€Å"Death & Co. By doing this the ide of death is bought closer to the persona as it now becomes a threat that is visible and is standing before the narrator. † Sibilance is used to describe the trademark â€Å"the scald scar of water†. The effect of the assonance is that it creates harsh violent sound and emphasises the cruel and punitive nature of the partners in Death & Co. Larkin however does not use his metaphoric objectified technique in the title but rather from within the poem itself. In the second stanza Larkin uses the â€Å"priest† and the â€Å"doctor† as symbols of different sentiments and values of â€Å"death†. The priest being a man of religion and the doctor symbolic to a man of science who both serves in â€Å"solving that question†; two people obsessed with the mystery of death appears after the question has been solved. The â€Å"priest† coat is black which represents death and he helps the person from moving from this life to the next. The â€Å"Doctor† coat is white which represents life as the doctor tries to revive the person. This again has connotations of conflict between science and religion Plath begins by using repetition of numbers â€Å"two of course there are two†. She is reasserting that death has come in two living forms before her. One of them looking grotesque, â€Å"whose eyes are lidded† and the other is attractive having â€Å"long and plausive† hair yet dangerous . She does this to juxtapose the idea of life and death, the fact that two mortal creatures are bring about her lifeless state. The two figures create a sense of fear within her as she finds it difficult to name the two. â€Å"he tells me how badly/He tells me how sweet†. The repetition of Second person pronouns and the juxtaposition of her divergent feelings towards death emphasises how at times death appears inviting and perhaps more easier alternative to life difficulties yet the sheer fact of suicide perhaps restrains her form ending her life as the fear of the unknown in the afterlife haunts her . Which perhaps emphasizes her fearful yet unrecognisable feelings towards death. She fears death and the reader can see that Plaths posseses a frightened predatory victimised outlook on death so she cannot find a specific name to address them as or perhaps there is no personal attachment to death as death is metaphorically recognised as a business, it performs it function and then leaves. On the other hand Larkin uses the same rhetorical feature of repetition but in a rather different manner. Days are repeated three times in the first stanza and this repetition forces the reader to think about the meaning of the word â€Å"days† which is the futility of existence ,the inevitable truth that all life must end in death. The reader is compelled to think about what would happen after the days has ended. Larkin gives day a spatial dimension as he describes days as â€Å"Days are where we live†. This raises about how time is measured the nature of it and its artificiality. Days are not a place,not a â€Å"where† but a when and it is in this paradox that leads to the blank response to the second question. †Where can we live but days†. From this question the answerer is now question themselves as they come to realise the inevitable truth behind days ,there is a lack of choice to the answer and the answerer realises that on the other side of dyas is the night which holds high connotations of death and the afterlife something which clearly fright and perhaps intrigues the answerer Once a person no longer has any days left to live in,the only other place that a person can occupy will be a place in his grave The use of a voice or persona is clearly present in both poem’s although again both poets use this craft differently to suit their own methods of portraying death. Larkin does not clearly portray the identity of the voice or the voices the reader perceives in â€Å"Days† however what we do know is that there is a clear distinction bewtween the voice that asks the questions and the voice that answers the questions. The questions that questioner asks are literally simple,naive and appear to be that of a child asking questions rather simple questions. Of course the underlying meaning which lies behing these unpretentious questins is the metaphor of death in the background. The second voice appears to be different and fluctuates throughout the development of the poem. This voice appears to be the answerer to the questions that are asked and answers the question in a rather straightforward manner . The answer to the first question: â€Å"Days are where we live† denotes a matter of fact, mollifying tone as the simple question is answered by an equally simple although equally worrying answer. At first the voice appears to be kindly positive reassuring the childish questioner that days â€Å"are to be happy in† which again holds connotations of death. It tells the questioner and the reader also that the inevitability of death is true so we should live our lives while we have it and enjoy and â€Å"be happy† within it. In the second stanza the answerer adopts a worldly macabre tone almost mocking and cruel as it dryly observes that the only place people can inhibit apaprt from days is death. the questioner is trying to find a simple answer and uses the filler â€Å"ah† to contemplate on what happens after days,the question become a lot of bigger then it initially seemed and the answerer realises there is no simplistic way to answer it and so the â€Å"preist† and â€Å"doctor† are suppousedly the only people that hold the answers to the question However Plath uses two male persona in her poem to portray death and reveal the double or schizophrenic nature of death. The use of male persona’s was chosen deliberately to emphasise the painful awareness of man’s seemingly innate Judas quality just as death can be cruel and snipe away happiness at the last moment.

Composing Descriptive Paragraphs and Essays

Composing Descriptive Paragraphs and Essays The purpose of descriptive writing is to make our readers see, feel, and hear what we have seen, felt, and heard. Whether were describing a person, a place, or a thing, our aim is to reveal a subject through vivid, carefully arranged details. Two common forms of description are the character sketch (or profile) and the place description. In describing a character, we look for details that not only show what an individual looks like but also provide clues to his or her personality. Eudora Weltys Sketch of Miss Duling (a precise physical description of a first-grade teacher) and Mark Singers Profile of Mr. Personality (a description of the only member of the Goodnicks of America) are just two of the paragraph-length character sketches linked below. With thoughtfully organized details, we can also suggest the personalityor moodof a place. Below youll find links to several place descriptions, including Wallace Stegners Town Dump and a students essay on her Home of Yesteryear. For ideas on how to compose your own descriptive paragraph or essay, spend some time studying the guidelines, topic suggestions, exercises, and readings offered here. Description: Writing Guidelines and Topic Suggestions How to Write a Descriptive ParagraphDiscovery Strategy: Probing Your TopicPractice in Supporting a Topic Sentence With Descriptive DetailsDraft a Descriptive ParagraphPractice in Revising a Place DescriptionEssay Assignment: Profile40 Topic Suggestions for Descriptive Paragraphs and Essays Description: Sentence Combining Exercises Nervous NormanRolling Along With Mr. BillThe KitchenMy Home of Yesteryear Descriptive Paragraphs: Place Description Model Descriptive ParagraphsEach of these four descriptive paragraphs (three student paragraphs along with a paragraph by Maxine Hong Kingston) responds in its own way to the guidelines in How to Write a Descriptive Paragraph.Model Place DescriptionsAs you read these four paragraphs, notice how place signals help to establish cohesion, guiding the reader clearly from one detail to the next.Descriptive Details in Stegners Town DumpIn these five paragraphs from his memoir Wolf Willow, Stegner employs precise descriptive details to convey the poetry of a town dump.David Sedariss Description of a Nudist Trailer ParkIn this excerpt from his essay Naked, an account of a week-long visit to a nudist colony, Sedaris describes his living quarters and the surrounding neighborhood.Joseph Mitchells Place Description: McSorleys SaloonMitchell describes New York Citys oldest Irish tavern in a series of clearly arranged sentences, many of them short and deceptively simple yet always precise and evoc ative. Lists in William Least Heat-Moons Place DescriptionIn this passage from Blue Highways, William Least Heat-Moon describes a cafe in Darlington, South Carolina. Note his reliance on detailed lists to convey a sense of place.Comparison in Sarah Vowells Place DescriptionSarah Vowell conveys distinct impressions of her father and herself by describingand comparingtheir different work spaces at home.Edgar Allan Poes New York in the 1840sNote Poes attention to details of place and the ways that his descriptions evoke a melancholic mood.Character Sketch by John McPheeJohn McPhee combines vivid descriptions with direct quotations in this sketch of a schoolteacher who works in a public market during summer vacations.Willie Morriss Descriptive NarrativeIn this passage from his memoir North Toward Home, Morris relies on concrete details that both record and interpret a shocking experience. Descriptive Paragraphs: Character Sketches and Profiles Eudora Weltys Sketch of Miss DulingWeltys precise physical description of her first-grade teacher, Miss Duling, also provides insights into the character of this lifelong subscriber to perfection.John Lahrs Profile of David MametThis paragraph has been drawn from the conclusion of Lahrs lengthy profile of David Mamet. Notice how the description of the cabin where the playwright works, the references to the books on his table, and the brief quotations from Mamets sister and from Mamet himself all serve to reveal aspects of character.Mark Singers Profile of Mr. PersonalityMark Singer describes the founder and at the moment the only member of an organization called the Goodnicks of America.Russell Bakers Sketch of Mr. FleagleIn this description of his high school English teacher, journalist Russell Baker relies on repetition to convey an overwhelming impression of dullness.Status Details in Tom Wolfes DescriptionsIn these two paragraphs from the novel A Man in Full, Wolfe conveys a sens e of character through physical descriptionor what he calls status details. Description: Classic Essays In Mammoth Cave, by John BurroughsSome of these pits are simply appalling.The Land of Little Rain, by Mary AustinMen are bewitched by it and tempted to try the impossible.The Watercress Girl, by Henry MayhewShe dont often beat me; but, when she do, she dont play with me.Rural Hours, by Susan Fenimore CooperSuch open hill-sides . . . bear a kind of heaving, billowy character.Two Ways of Seeing a River, by Mark TwainAll the grace, the beauty, the poetry had gone out of the majestic river!Street Haunting: A London Adventure, by Virginia WoolfInto each of these lives one could penetrate a little way.On a Rainy Morning, by Charles S. BrooksThere is so much life on wet and windy days.The Rise of Pancho Villa, by John ReedVilla was an outlaw for twenty-two years.The Story of a Garden, by Mabel Osgood WrightNature tangles things with a motive.The Libido for the Ugly, by H. L. MenckenOut of the melting pot emerges a race which hates beauty.

Illustration Essay Examples

Illustration Essay Examples Examples of an Illustration Essay What is an Illustration Essay? Purpose of an Illustrative Essay Differences between Narrative and Illustrative Essays Structure of an Illustrative Essay and Examples to Use Example of an Illustration Essay What is an Illustration Essay? Examples of an illustration essay are usually expressly chosen or written to show people how to write an illustration essay, and what these types of essays normally entail. Because of this, they are normally quite well-written and show the different parts of the essay clearly. An illustration essay is one which depends on examples with which to prove the thesis being made. To use one particular example, if the thesis statement of your illustrative essay is that the winter months cause most residents to hibernate, then the essay itself must contain several samples of proof of why the residents hibernate in winter. Writers could use facts such as the social events in any towns being poorly attended during this time, or the sheer volume of cars on the road during warmer months versus the colder ones. Illustrative essay examples do run the risk of seeming like narrative essays because they are known for being less formal and less rigid in structure than other essays. However, the informal nature of the essay means that people who are writing them have much more freedom when it comes to how they present their facts than if they had to write in another essay structure. Purpose of an Illustrative Essay Great examples of an illustration essay show one specific characteristic of the illustration essay itself. This special characteristic is providing a number of vivid illustration examples throughout the essay itself. Giving a number of illustrations is actually helping to keep the readers interested and involved. Good illustrative essay samples should show the aspect it is designed to show thoroughly – if it is the thesis statement, then the statement should be paramount to the illustrative essay example; the statement should be readily recognizable in both the introduction and the conclusion, and the sample should make it clear how every example given relates back to the thesis statement. Similarly, if the focus of the sample is to show the samples and proof more than anything else, then the focus should be entirely on them – how do they answer the thesis statement? Where did they come from? And so on. This can also lead to a sample paper which shows how the paper is best structured. While it will primarily focus on the proof that a student can gather for their essay, the focus is on showing how these proofs can be arranged in the most logical manner, and how they fit together to create an essay which illustrates things clearly. Differences between Narrative and Illustrative Essays If you think about narrative essay type of writing, you will find that writing an illustration essay is a lot like it, yet is should present many instances and visual examples. They are both the same in that they have more informal styles than the other essays which students are normally encouraged and asked to write, and they are both slightly freer about the structure that can be used. However, there are some fundamental differences which need to be discussed. Narrative essays tell a story, primarily – they are not there to prove or disprove a thesis. As such, they can be told in the past or present tense, and they can involve characters, people who don’t exist, and all manner of things which would not be found in another essay. Illustration essay samples, and by extension illustration essays themselves, have informal language and a more relaxed sentence structure, but they are always concerned with real and concrete ideas, which does limit what the essays themselves can be about. The main difference is that where narrative essays can be completely free in how they are structured, illustrative essays still need to make sense to anybody who is reading them; they need to connect in a way which helps people to understand the central issue, so there does need to be some semblance of structure. Structure of an Illustrative Essay and Examples to Use Another important aspect of any illustration essay is providing the most appealing, bright, mostly related to the topic illustration essay examples to win over your audience. Some features which are present in illustration paper examples are: Thesis statement – this is the most important part of the essay, as it is what the entire essay revolves around proving. It should appear first in the introduction, and then again in the conclusion, and be referred to at least once in each paragraph. Body paragraphs – these are where the meat of the essay comes in. Each paragraph should have one specific proof of why the thesis is true or false and explain it in detail while linking itself to the paragraph that came before, and the one that came after. Introduction/conclusion – these function as the opening and closing of the paper. They both sum up what is happening in the essay, and they both have the thesis statement in them. These paragraphs are what brings additional information to the essay, and what brings everything together, so they are important to have in the essays as a whole. Hypothetical examples illustrate a specific and typical type of examples yet they remain weak in showing a major illustration essay point. Typical examples are able to provide an instance of a common experience that many people had. Another type of instances that is being used is a specific type of examples. A specific example of illustration uses a personal experience or other people experience that is found to be dominant to present a key illustration essay example. Example of an Illustration Essay Illustration essay topic: How Can Students Develop Good Study Habits? Students need to develop good study habits if they are to reach their full potential in any course or degree. Good study habits are very useful for people in education, and they can be learned with enough repetition. These study habits can be learned through finding out what works for the individual student, getting into a routine, and making sure to change habits if the situation calls for it. There are a number of different study habits, so it is important for people to figure out which one works for them. While people can have to-do lists, or set deadlines, or use apps which block the time-consuming sites on our computers, it takes time to figure out what works for them individually, and what works for their education. Once people have found out what works best for them, they can practice these things until they become easier. Getting into a routine can take time, but the time is worth it. Making something into a habit can take some time, and that time can be difficult. It is difficult to take something new and make it into an established part of your day, especially if you need to use time which was spent on other things to do it. Habits are hard to form, but also hard to break, which can be useful for the future. Sometimes your needs change, and that can mean that your study habits need to change as well. If your workload increases or you take on extra shifts at work, or you move to somewhere further away from your classes, this can mean there is less time to study. If that is the case, you might find that you need to adapt your study habits to fit with the new routine you have. Sometimes our circumstances change, and we need to change with them. Good study habits are very useful for people in education, and they can be learned with enough repetition. Forming habits, finding what works for you as an individual, and making sure that you are flexible enough to change with your circumstances, are all part of what helps us to form good study habits. Ultimately, being flexible enough to find what works under different circumstances is what makes us better at studying, no matter what habits we pick up along the way.

Suspicious Samples- Statistics Project Coursework

Suspicious Samples- Statistics Project - Coursework Example To determine whether this particular outcome is possible, we need to establish the probability distribution that the outcomes we obtained follow, and rework a theoretical model that follows a similar trend. Essentially, determination of whether an ART cycle will result in a pregnancy or not presents us with two possible outcomes: yes or no. In addition, whenever an individual is picked from among other potential members of the sample, this individual is unlikely to be picked on a subsequent trial. This is much like the case of tossing a fair coin several times, but with the exception that individuals leave the non-sampled population once included in the trial. Such trials follow the Poisson distribution (Letkowski, 2). Since each trial is not influenced by the previous trial in any way, including by way of outcome obtained, this distribution is discrete. We now reflect upon the available information o establish how possible it is to come up with ten subsequent trials whose outcomes are absolutely similar despite there being competing possibilities of outcomes. The Poisson distribution follows the formula: In the above equation, the expected value of x is ÃŽ ». Using this formula, we can work out the probability of obtaining a specific outcome. In this case, this corresponds to the outcomes that all did not involve a pregnancy. We observe the following: 1) From the provided statistics, the average rate of occurrence of an ART cycle without a pregnancy corresponds to the percentage of such a happening. This is given as 66.5 = 0.665. This figure is supposedly uniform across members of productive females’ age generations. This corresponds to our ÃŽ ». This result indicates an extremely rare probability, but one that is clearly achievable. For comparison purposes, we may want to evaluate how this probability compares with that of getting pregnant from an ART. We notice that there is a decline in the total probability of selecting in

No topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 11

No topic - Essay Example God is viewed holy and perfect and as a person who has established high standards for perfection for humanity. The reformers saw it insufficient due to the fact that it was referenced to God’s honor as opposed to his holiness and justice. The medieval notion was that punishment of sin had to involve bloodshed. The reformers believed that Christ died for man as he took his sins and bore them for him. Through bearing of man’s sins, Christ is believed to take the punishment from them and deliver the believers free from the demands of the law. This is a clear indication that the holiness of God and the righteousness of the law are satisfied by his substation. There are relevant scriptures including Isaiah 53: 12 â€Å"yet he bore sins of many, and mistakes intercession for the transgressors.† And Isaiah 53: 6 â€Å"the lord has laid equality of us all.† The Penal substitution theory assumes that God is infinite, minor human sins are an infinite debt to him. This can only be cancelled through infinite satisfaction through the death of Jesus Christ. The belief that God’s need to seek justice is so strong that he would only demand satisfaction through the death of an innocent person is an assumpt ion that modern readers would reject. With reference to John Scott’s classic work â€Å"The cross of Christ†, he tries to offer a deeper understanding of satisfaction with his fifth chapter â€Å"satisfaction for sin†. He argues that the cross was necessary due to the fact that God had to satisfy himself in the way of salvation. Scoot uses this chapter to analyze that the death of Jesus Christ on the cross was necessary for satisfaction. This is a statement that most people affirm to. However, the nature of satisfaction has been a subject of debate throughout the history of the church. He looks at different methods to which the theologians believe as the method God used to forgive the sins of mankind (Stott 120). Other speak of satisfying God’s law,

Panasonic supply chain security Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Panasonic supply chain security - Essay Example As Arway states (34), the security of good during the transportation of goods ensure that they are not subject to malicious actions such as theft and terrorism. The engagement of a system to protect not only the goods but the staff involved in the transit of goods ensures that the organization's operations are secure and any threats are mitigated. This is a fundamental requirement for any organization that intends to remain profitable in the market must bear in mind. Panasonic employs technology to ensure security of goods in transport in various ways. First, the organization provides a sustained surveillance and monitoring system to ensure that both the employees and the goods are safe especially in high traffic areas that are sensitive to criminal acts. The system has a provision to scan the faces if the staff involved in the transportation process and keep a survey if any interrupting person gets in the transport vehicle. This system ensures that only the authorized members are al lowed into the vehicle. Any extra person getting in the vehicle will be detected and the system will trigger an alarm to notify about the intrusion. Consequently, any entry of unauthorized systems will be captured and the staff will be prompted to respond to the intrusion as necessary (Burges 49). This is a critical dimension of security that contributes to safety during the transportation stage of the supply chain. The organization has also paid attention to cargo management as a prerequisite to ensure that the safety of the cargo is maintained all through the transportation journey. Panasonic has developed the Panasonic Toughbook gadget that helps to monitor and track the location of the products that are being carried either by a train, a plane or even an ordinary vehicle. The transportation stage is usually subject to a lot of external threats and the knowledge of a cargo location is a vital aspect of the security of cargos. For instance, often, gangsters may take a cargo and di vert it away to a different location (Panasonic). In such a case, the managers will monitor the location of the cargo and if it diverts away from the predetermined route, a security response can be initiated to secure the cargo, hence avoiding the consequential loss that is likely to occur in the event of such an attack. The Toughbook Computer enhances mobile computers have feature to ensure that the management staff can be able to monitor goods from the time they are loaded into the vehicle up to the moment they are offloaded at the destination of the vehicle. This security measure helps to guarantee to a great percentage the safety of goods and to ensure that the entire load arrives at its destination safe and sound. Inspection solution is another way that Panasonic provides security to its clients during a transportation process. Software driven Toughbook mobile computers is an innovative method of securing sustenance during transportation of goods. The gadget is GPS enabled and has a wireless connection to ensure remote connectivity and monitoring of large trucks or mobile vehicles that are likely to cause damage to the cargo on its way to its destination. The development of this system is such that the system will approximate the distance of the cargo from a threat accident and provide a warning precautionary measure that helps the driver to avoid or take a proactive action to avoid possible damages (Panasonic). Apart

The use of child labour to maximise profits

The use of child labour to maximise profits Many companies agree that  maximising profit is a key aspect of their  business objectives. To what extent, then, is it justifiable for them to utilise child labour in carrying out this goal? (3153 words). In this paper, the main focus will be on child labour and the issues surrounding the topic. I will consider how businesses behave in regards to child labour, both from a business and an ethical point of view. There are two key arguments; should businesses utilise cheap labour to lower production costs? Or do they have a duty of care in order to prevent children being exploited within their business? For the purpose of this essay I will examine various theories in conjunction with how businesses apply them. For example, I will analyse the Milton Friedman theory of business, in regards to multinational companies, and how it affects their behaviour towards child labour. Other theories to be considered include Marxism, Egoism and Ethics of Right. In conclusion I will assess how companies behave towards the issue of child labour; as an ethical and financial advantage, or as an unethical view. I will also give contemporary examples of child employment. Often child labour is confused with child work but Whittaker claims that there is a clear distinction. For example, a child performing a newspaper delivery before going to school is a child worker: This is because there is no economic compulsion forcing the child into employment. Rather the child keeps his wages and spends them on such peer group necessities as the latest style jeans, records or, increasingly, videos and home computers. By and large nobody forces him to go to work. (1986, p20) Lavalette (1994, p.8) However, child labour is defined as: Work which does not take place under such relatively idyllic conditions. It is defined as having an element of economic compulsion associated with it and, according to Fyfe, involves time and energy commitment which affects childrens ability to participate in leisure, play and educational activities. Finally, child labour is work which impairs the health and development of children (Fyfe 1989, p4) Lavalette (1994, p.8) Michael Lavalette (1994) explains that child labour exists because of two reasons: Children are an example of a reserve army of labour, drawn into the labour market when it is tight to provide extra labour power. Lavalette (1994, p.2) This suggests that when labour is in high demand and there are insufficient adult workers, businesses tend to use children as a back up. Secondly, Children work in backward regions of the economy where unemployment is highest and poverty most severe. In these circumstances children work to alleviate their familys hardship. Lavalette (1994, p.2) This means that child employment occurs mainly in poverty and where the children have to support their family financially. Many people frown upon this exploitation of children. But one must consider to what extent is child employment justified? Many children in poverty try to avoid stressors such as violence, sexual or emotional abuse. One of the easiest ways for children to avoid these stressors is by engaging in active labour. Thus, from a childs point of view, it can be justified for children should work to in order to avoid being emotionally, sexually or violently abused. Consideration must be given to the employers view. Due to globalisation, outsourcing has become a trend in businesses. By outsourcing, it is possible for firms to exploit wage differentials around the world. This then allows for production at a much lower cost, and therefore maximises business profit. However, this approach is argued to be very unethical and shows how profit driven business objectives relate to the the Milton Friedman concept: Friedman argued that the social responsibility of business is to seek profits for the stockholders Bowie (2002, p.2) This indirectly suggests that in order to lower costs and to promote profit maximising prospects that arise with globalisation, businesses need to take advantage of these global opportunities, otherwise they may be forced out of the market by other competitive firms, Globalization and liberalization of markets and intensifying competition in commodity markets have increased demand for labour in developing countries. There has been a significant outsourcing of economic production from the developed countries to the developing countries due to globalization. Anon (1982, p.5) This further supports that The successful quest for cheaper labour implies child labour. Rahikainen (2004, p.210) This gives further weight to the argument that Children are the most subordinate and cheapest form of labour, thus highly attractive to some types of employer Fyfe (1989, p. 17) All of the quotes above interlink with each other to explain why companies use children as a cheap form of labour. The levels of child exploitation and oppression are significantly higher where there is no, or limited, regulation for childrens labour market activities, where legal requirements are easily and consistently ignored Lavalette (1994, p.13) The majority of companies believe survival is essential in a globalised economy and therefore they exploit these conditions to fulfil outsourcing opportunities, because they. The majority of child labour is said to occur in Asia. Save The Children estimates that 61% of working children live in Asia Youth Information (accessed 25 April 2009) Labour-intensive consumer-goods industries increased productivity by pressing the advantages of the division of labour, and cut wage costs by the extensive employment of women and children. Rahikainen (2004, p. 32) Some children are exploited to do certain adult jobs because they can perform the task more effectively and efficiently In certain industries like copper making and electronic assembly, children are more skilful because of the dexterity of their small fingers. But children, because of their dependent position, are the most easily exploited of all workers Fyfe (1989, p.32) The world of work (employers and other unscrupulous people) seems to pull children because they are very cheap and obedient, can be easily exploited, do certain things more efficiently and effectively which adults fail to do (e.g. Nimble Fingers). Herath and Sharma (2007, p.56) This is a way of decreasing wage costs because children are doing adult work, but are not being paid the adult wage. The managers are able to exert more control and authority over children, because they are less likely to retaliate in comparison to adult workers who are aware of their employment rights. This is very money driven based business and can be related to the ethical theory of consequnetialist, a consequence based approach, the egoism theory. Egoism refers, in terms of philosophy, to theories in which self-interest is regarded as the principal motivating factor Encarta (2009) Which in this case the self interest would be profit. This can relate to child labour as all they care about is lowering costs and increasing sales to increase profit not human rights of children. This deduces that they ARE self motivated by money (self interest) hence following the egoism theory. However Lavalette stated that Fyfe and Whittaker suggested Child labour can be either good or bad depending on the context in which it takes place Lavalette (1994, p. 8) Businesses can see child labour to be an advantage not only because of lower costs, but as it is taking children off the streets. They support children by providing a job and maybe even benefits (depending on the company). This gives the company an ethically moral image because they are seen to be providing child employees with basic needs. This helps the children lead a healthy life, which they may not receive by living on the streets. Where children are individually employed, they may be paid in kind, receiving board and lodging in the household of their employer Anon (1982, p. 480) Moreover, by companies not employing children, there is a danger that they could be out on the streets and involved in prostitution, drugs or crime. Those underage who would be saved from child labour for example, from working on carpets or footballs could be driven into prostitution or destitution. Munck (2002, p.130) And as a result of employing children it is shown that Child labours are better off than a great number of children elsewhere who do not work, but who do not eat Lavalette (1994, p.44) However not all child employees live on the street, some also hold the responsibility of their familys well being instead. Poverty forces families to send their children out to scratch whatever meagre living they can to help the family survive Lavalette (1994, p.13) Moreover, this supports that Childrens income is frequently far from supplementary: they may be de facto breadwinners, supporting other members of their family Anon (1982, p. 487) Furthermore, it gives the employer the image that they are helping children who have the burden of caring for their families. Furthermore, this extends the good corporate image, which, as a result could increase sales. This is because there is a greater awareness of this exploitation, but some see the advantages for the children and therefore promote the cause by purchasing the products to keep the children in a job and not in poverty or on the streets. However peoples perspective tends to differ. Proscribing child labour in the south without compensation would lower the living standards of those who are already desperately poor. Munck (2002, p.130) This give weight to the idea that all the advantages that both businesses and children gain from child labour, whether it keeps children off the streets or to support their family, or businesses gaining cheap labour would be removed by legislation to abolish child labour. This is not necessarily the right thing to do depending on what peoples perceptions are; whether children need to survive through active employment, or the fact that they are just children and that they should live like a child and not be required to undertake the stresses and physical damage working does to a child. This leads onto the next argument, that companies should help abolish child exploitation and should hold ethical and social responsibilities. Some companies avoid child labour because they want to be known as socially responsible. An example; GAP, in October 2007 a ten year old was found in the back streets in New Delhi the conditions were quoted by the Observer to be close to slavery, he was sold by his parents to the sweatshop making gap toddler clothing. But as Gap wants to be known as socially responsible their policy they enforced was: that if it discovers children being used by contractors to make its clothes that contractor must remove the child from the workplace, provide it with access to schooling and a wage, and guarantee the opportunity of work on reaching a legal working age. McDougall (2007) The only reason that this unethical employment of children wasnt revealed any sooner to Gap was that they were subcontracting companies who hired child labour however they did say that they still hold fully responsible; After learning of this situation, we immediately took steps to stop this work order and to prevent the product from ever being sold in our stores. McDougall (2007) In recent years Gap has made efforts to rebrand itself as a leader in ethical and socially responsible manufacturing, after previously being criticised for practices including the use of child labour. McDougall (2007) This is an example of taking corporate social responsibility which gives the company a better image. Other revelations of companies associated with child labour include Primark which took actions and decided not to trade with the suppliers anymore and took their clothing off the shelf. Nike also established rules to increase the minimum age workers to 18 in Asian footwear factories and to offer free educational classes and to improve the air quality of the plants. However, There is ample evidence that child-wage labourers continue to work even when minimum age legislation exists. Fyfe (1989, p.17) This shows that some businesses are not socially responsible and breaching the Acts provided to protect the children from exploitation, and therefore should follow the steps to correct their actions. This could be what Karl Marx proposed in The Communist Manifesto: Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of childrens factory labor in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production, etc. Marx (1884) His view was simple in that all companies should abolish child labour and children should be entitled to have free education and by following and providing this, it would help offset the businesss image as child employers to an image of socially and ethically responsible. Additionally the company should take care when sub-contracting to make sure that no child labour is associated with them and not just within its own business. It is small scale enterprises or sweatshops, often operating as subcontractors to larger enterprises, that are most adept at avoiding the usually inadequate factory inspectorate Fyfe (1989, p. 17) Even though large companies are against breaching human rights they still need to look carefully at who they are contracting. An ethical policy that should be pursued by companies is ethics of rights, which states that every human being has basic rights and freedoms that they are entitled to from birth and should be respected by others in every way. If an individual has a moral right, then it is morally wrong to interfere with that right even if large numbers of people would benefit from such interference. Velasquez et all (1990) By exploiting human rights, the corporate image perceived by potential customers would be lacking of corporate social responsibilities. This can have an adverse effect in the number of sales. Moreover, in the short term by exploiting human rights and employing children could lower costs, but the longer term consequence of this approach could lowers sales figures. This could be that customers disregard any product that hasnt been fairly made or is unethical. Therefore, by employing children, it does not give a large margin of advantages. This matter of exploitation could also attract protestors or agencies that are all about protecting children, for example UNICEF. They can create a bad image for the business. This can attract the media and possibly authorities leading to fines and prosecution of breaching Acts. For example, the Children and Young Persons Act 1933. On another point, employing children is cheap but the efficiency and quality of the work is sometimes not up to the minimum standard depending on the work so technically the company loses out by quality hence sales figures are affected. Children who undertake adult work tasks: do not possess the physical and mental capacity that these jobs call for, and their work is usually done less efficiently than if it were performed by an adult Lavalette (1994, p.44) This depends on the jobs but in this case I refer to the job being hard manual work. There are many disadvantages for a child starting work at an early age Child labourers are usually dismissed once they become adults, forcing them to join ranks of the unemployed. The low-level skills they have gained are often insufficient to allow them to obtain further paid employment Herath and Sharma (2007, p. 39) Even though the children are being fed it does not mean that they are living a healthy life. In 28 countries, the average per capita intake of calories is 73 to 89 per cent of what is required but it is lower for the poorer segment of the population, from which most working children come, even though their work raises their nutritional requirements. Working children also become more susceptible to infectious diseases including tuberculosis, if they suffer from malnutrition, anaemia, fatigue and inadequate sleep. Fyfe (1989, p. 21) Child labour causes not only loss of formal education and human capital but also the lack of social and cognitive skills and increased health hazards Herath and Sharma (2007, p. 18) It is argued that every child should have a childhood where they play and to be educated to better their future. Children are not little adults their fundamental right is to childhood itself Fyfe (1993, p. 5) Businesses should help their child employees found within the business to clear their name and their image that are perceived to be by the public. This should include free education and any other actions to correct this exploitation this will in the long run help with the corporate image and sales and potential employees in the future. In conclusion children are among the most vulnerable and powerless and continue to be exploited as part of a downward push on costs and a rapid withering of decent, formal employment. Solidarity Center (2008) There seems to be ample evidence to support the school of thought that child employment is acceptable, because companies are keeping children off the streets, prostitution etc. Some businesses try to be labelled as socially responsible instead of child labourers as they strive to give good benefits such as the right health and safety measures, schooling, food and shelter and many others. However 2 questions that I find myself to ask: Does giving benefits make them socially respectable for still employing young children? Just because they are giving them benefits does that mean that it counteracts that children at a young age are being worked? Is this still ethically right that they have to work for education? (a basic right for any child). Does this remove the idea that they are child labours just because they give the children benefits? Another argument is that the businesses may claim they are giving all these benefits, but how do we know as part of the public that the businesses are carrying out these promises as we do not have an insight within the business? Overall, if companies argue that they are helping the children but are infringing on human rights in order to stay in the market with other competitors, it shows clearly that their aim is to compete with other companies and to gain maximum profit which shows how egoism theory of self interest (in this case profit) and Milton Friedmans theory of businesses work for profit only. This relates to the money driven mind and a lack of respect for human rights whatever the age. Such companies and should follow Karl Marx proposal and respect human rights. The loss in profits from abandoning child labour will be offset by an image of social responsibility which has a positive impact on sales. By giving benefits I dont believe that this makes the business socially acceptable, because children shouldnt have to work for basic entitlements. This is where the government should be involved and help to provide with these entitlements. In conclusion of the essay I have found that child labour effects business image mainly and which way it is perceived by the public in their own views of what is justifiable and what is not, is what affects sales which hence affects profits. Majority of the public think that child labour was abolished in 1989 but it is still continued to be found in the 21st century today in large multinational companies mainly and needs to be intervened by more enforcements by the government.